The rise of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) in Zimbabwe presents a complex challenge. While it empowers local communities and generates income, unregulated ASM practices can have devastating consequences for the environment. Striking a balance betweens supporting these miners and safeguarding the environment is crucial for sustainable development.
According to the Zela legal officer Nkazimulo Dube, the current legal framework in Zimbabwe presents a hurdle for ASMs. The Mines and Minerals Act treats them the same as large-scale miners, imposing strict regulations like expensive EIA certificates. ZELA is advocating for amendments to the Act that recognize the unique challenges faced by ASMs and create a more accessible regulatory framework.
The Environmental Management Plan (EMP), introduced by the Environmental Management Agency (EMA), offers a more attainable alternative to EIAs for ASMs. However, the lack of legal recognition for EMPs creates uncertainty. Integrating EMPs into national legislation would provide much-needed security for miners operating under these plans.
The MaVal Africa project, funded by the EU, offers a promising approach. The World Resources program Director who is also a representative of the MaVal project highlighted that the project works with African governments and miners to improve ESG performance in the ASM sector. By equipping miners with the knowledge and skills for responsible practices and facilitating access to financing, MaVal Africa contributes to a more sustainable future for ASM in Zimbabwe and other African nations.
The ongoing workshop led by ZELA and MaVal Africa is a positive step towards achieving this balance. By empowering ASMs with responsible mining practices, Zimbabwe can harness the economic potential of its lithium resources while minimizing environmental damage. Collaboration between NGOs, government agencies, and international projects is essential for ensuring a sustainable future for the ASM sector in Zimbabwe.